These Regulations are made in exercise of the powers conferred by section 8(1) of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (c.16) (“the Act”). They make amendments to 5 different sets of regulations in order to address failures of retained EU law to operate effectively and other deficiencies (in particular under sections 8(2)(a), 8(2)(g) and 8(3)(a) of the Act) arising from the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union.