These Regulations are made in exercise of the powers in section 8(1) of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 in order to address failures of retained EU law to operate effectively and other deficiencies arising from the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union (and in particular the deficiencies specified in subsection (2)(e) and (g)). They amend the Bank of England Act 1998, the Financial Services Act 2012, the Cash Ratio Deposits (Eligible Liabilities) Order 1998, the Scottish and Northern Ireland Banknote Regulations 2009, the Bank of England Act 1998 (Macro-prudential Measures) Order 2013, the Bank of England Act 1998 (Macro-prudential Measures) (No 2) Order 2015 and the Bank of England Act 1998 (Macro-prudential Measures) Order 2016.