These Regulations are made in exercise of the powers in section 8 of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (c.16) to address failures of retained EU law to operate effectively and other deficiencies arising from the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union. In particular these Regulations address deficiencies in retained EU law which under section 8(3)(a) are of a similar kind to a deficiency which falls within paragraph (f) of section 8(2).