These Regulations are made in exercise of the powers in section 8(1) of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (c. 16) (“EUWA”) in order to address failures of retained EU law to operate effectively and other deficiencies (in particular under section 8(2)(c) of the EUWA) arising from the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union. The Regulations extend to the whole of the United Kingdom.