These Regulations are made in exercise of the powers conferred by section 23(1) and (2) of, and paragraphs 21 and 26 of Schedule 7 to, the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (c. 16) (“the 2018 Act”) and section 41(1) and (2) of the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (c.1).