These Regulations are made in the exercise of powers in the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, and the power in section 8 of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 in order to address failures of retained EU law to operate effectively and other deficiencies arising from the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union (including deficiencies under paragraphs (a), (b) and (e) of section 8(2)), reflecting in particular the introduction of a UK Emissions Trading Scheme which, for the UK, will replace the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (except in relation to Northern Ireland, under the terms of the Northern Ireland Protocol, an Annex to the Withdrawal Agreement between the UK and the European Union which allows Northern Ireland to continue to access the EU single market for goods, and which requires Northern Ireland to continue to abide by certain EU regulations).