These Regulations amend the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (“the Act”). Article 5(2)(b) of Directive 2001/29 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society (OJ No L167, 22.6.2001. p.10) permits Member States to provide for an exception to the copyright and related rights provided under the Directive in respect of reproductions on any medium made by a natural person for private use for non-commercial ends. The second sub-paragraph of Article 6(4) of the Directive provides that Member States may take appropriate measures to ensure that rightholders make available to the beneficiary of an exception provided for in accordance with Article 5(2)(b) the means of benefiting from that exception, without preventing rightholders from adopting adequate measures (such as technological measures) regarding the number of reproductions which may be taken. These Regulations amend the way in which this exception is implemented in the UK.