These Regulations bring into force various provisions of the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (c. 1) (“the Act”). These are the first commencement regulations made under the Act. Certain provisions came into force on the passing of the Act. Certain provisions will come into force upon the Royal Assent of the Direct Payments to Farmers (Legislative Continuity) Bill, if that Bill is passed. The Act is the key piece of domestic legislation giving effect to international obligations contained in the draft Agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community (“the Withdrawal Agreement”), which will be ratified shortly after the making of these Regulations.