These Regulations are made in exercise of the powers conferred by section 8(1) of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (c.16) in order to address failures of retained EU law to operate effectively and other deficiencies (in particular under paragraphs (a), (c), (d) and (g) of section 8(2)) arising from the withdrawal of the UK from the European Union. Some small amendments are made under the power in paragraph 21 of Schedule 7 to that Act.