These Regulations are made under section 2(2) of the European Communities Act 1972 (c. 68). They provide civil penalties that apply for contravention of safety and security obligations contained in EU regulations. Some of these penalties replace defective penalties under the Customs (Contravention of a Relevant Rule) Regulations 2003 (S.I. 2003/3113). Consequently these Regulations are issued free of charge to all known recipients of those Regulations.