These Regulations are made in exercise of the powers conferred by paragraphs 1(1) and 11M(1) of Schedule 2 and paragraph 21 of Schedule 7 to the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (c. 16) in order to address failures of retained EU law to operate effectively and other deficiencies arising from the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union, to reflect the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland in the EU withdrawal agreement, and to make transitional provision.