Under section 2 of the Retained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023 (c. 28) (“the 2023 Act”), any rights, powers, liabilities etc retained by virtue of section 4 of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 are not recognised or available in domestic law (and, accordingly, are not to be enforced, allowed or followed) at and after the end of 2023.