North Hyde Substation Outage Review: NESO Final Report

In March 2025, the Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero commissioned the North Hyde substation review, an independent report delivered by the National Energy System Operator. The report was commissioned following a large fire breaking out at the substation, disrupting power supply to over 70,000 customers including Heathrow airport. While power was restored quickly, there were significant secondary impacts to the aviation sector due to the associated closure of Heathrow airport. NESO’s interim report was published in May 2025, and the final report has now been completed and published on NESO’s website.

The review aimed to identify lessons to be learned and actions to take forward for the prevention and management of future power disruption events, and lessons for Great Britain’s energy resilience more broadly. The actions recommended by this review address concerns under the three pillars: resilience of energy infrastructure, response and restoration of energy infrastructure and enhancing the resilience of critical infrastructure to energy disruption, as set out in the terms of reference published on gov.uk.

The report has highlighted key areas for substantial improvement across energy infrastructure management and maintenance approaches, and across the sharing of information and understanding between energy network operators and connected commercial customers. It also has options for improving the power resilience of other critical sectors. These actions will drive improvements to Great Britain’s energy resilience.

The majority of recommendations address improvements to be made across all parts of the energy sector, regardless of their involvement in the incident at North Hyde. In collaboration with NESO, Ofgem and other partners, my Department will ensure the delivery and implementation of these energy sector recommendations. The report findings are also applicable to wider Government policy on energy resilience—both in the energy sector and more widely. My Department, working across Government, will urgently consider the findings and recommendations set out by NESO and publish a response to the report in due course.

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