My Lords, there is positive information in the labour market. The claimant count is falling. Over 350,000 more people have moved into work this year. Real wages have risen more since July last year than they did in the first 10 years of the previous Government, and UK growth is forecast to be the second fastest in the G7 after only the United States. However, the latest figures also highlight the challenges and the importance of our Get Britain Working plan, which includes creating a new jobs and careers service, tackling economic inactivity due to ill health and delivering our youth guarantee.
The Minister omitted to mention that unemployment has now risen to 1,830,000 and, perhaps most chilling of all, that the number of young people without the dignity of work has risen to 735,000. Do the Government now accept that the triple blow of the jobs tax in last year’s Budget, the increased income tax levels in this year’s Budget and the unemployment Act, which received Royal Assent earlier today, have all contributed to the fact that unemployment is rising to 2 million people? What is she going to do about it?
I will tell the House what we are going to do about it: something the last Government never did, which is to take seriously the challenge of so many young people in our country who are not in employment, education or training. What did the last Government do about that? They did nothing. What are this Government doing? A huge amount: in the Budget, we have put hundreds of millions of pounds into a youth guarantee. We are creating guaranteed jobs for young people who are long-term unemployed on universal credit, and we have the former Health Secretary, Alan Milburn, digging down deep into what the driving reason is for why so many of our young people are not out there in the labour market. We are going to solve the problems we inherited; we are doing something about it.
With the jobs market hugely influenced by the availability of training, in particular apprenticeship training, should we not positively welcome the £820 million for the youth guarantee scheme, with its emphasis on quality? Is not the lesson that the Government have learned from the YOPs and community programmes of the 1980s that such schemes work only when they incorporate quality, real skills development, and the prospect of long-term employment? Are they not the hallmark of this much expanded and brilliant training programme?
I welcome a particularly fine question from my noble friend. I could almost have said that myself; in fact, maybe I will. He makes a really important point. We need to have support in the investment of skills for young people: skills for today and for tomorrow. Simply putting them on to some kind of make-job scheme does not work. We actually need to invest in them, so my noble friend is quite right. At the Budget, we announced £820 million of investment into the youth guarantee to support young people to earn or learn, but there was another £725 million for the growth and skills levy. We are trying to invest in young people so that they will find ways of getting the skills and be inspired to get out there and make a difference.
We also need to understand those who are not engaging. Alan Milburn issued a call for evidence this week. He is asking two questions: what is stopping more young people participating in employment, education or training, and what would make the biggest difference to support more young people to participate? We want to hear from anyone with knowledge, expertise or lived experience, so I urge noble Lords, with all their connections: let us all together try to get the answer to one of the most pressing questions facing our country.
My Lords, the Bank of England has canvassed for resignations to cut jobs to save £45 million and use more AI, and many other jobs continue to be lost to AI. What strategy have the Government got to ensure that their AI and tech procurements support British jobs? If mandating is okay for pension fund investments, where is it for government?
My Lords, I think I might save the pension fund for the extensive debate we will have later, which is my Christmas present from the Chief Whip. That is all I can conclude. The noble Baroness makes a very important point. One of the things that the Government as a whole are doing is looking across the piece. The truth is that it is still quite early days in working out what, in the medium to long term, will be the impact of AI on the economy. There is evidence that jobs may be displaced in some sectors while in others jobs are created. While we are understanding the full impact, the challenge for us is to make sure we equip people with the skills that enable them to compete in the markets that are to come. There is a lot of work going on in my department, but also in DSIT and across government, to monitor this and develop strategies. In particular, there is work on investing in homegrown tech companies to make sure that we have the opportunities here in which we can invest and our young people can work.
My Lords, further to the points made about skills, will the Minister look at a new report by the Creative Industries Policy and Evidence Centre that finds that arts, culture and heritage sectors are all
“losing skilled employees due to low pay, limited progression and lack of flexibility”.
Although our freelance workers should certainly be better supported, there is concern over the levels of permanent creative staffing, including in theatre. How will the Government address these concerns?
The noble Earl makes an excellent point. He is a fine ambassador for the creative sectors, for which I commend him. The Government are looking sector by sector at how we can support the development of skills. I am aware that we have had to work quite hard to protect some quite specialist skills, because if we lose them we will not get them back, certainly in the heritage sector. I am happy to look at how our sector work can do that, but what we are trying to do in DWP is to work with a wide range of employers to make sure that we know what they want, what skills they need and how we can support them. One thing that has made the biggest difference—I slightly bang on about it—is my noble friend Lady Smith’s welcome joining up of adult skills and the DWP. That can make a real difference, so I will make sure that we look carefully into that.
My Lords, I am afraid that I am not yet in the Christmas spirit because, as the Minister herself said, there are huge challenges in the deteriorating jobs market. It is of great concern that jobs in the all-important retail sector have fallen by 74,000, and the chief executive of the BRC has stated that the number of people in work in that sector is at a record low, namely 2.82 million jobs. What are the Government going to do to change the situation, as a matter of urgency, in that sector?
My Lords, the noble Viscount will know that we have a number of what we call sector work programmes to develop skills and support people into many areas of our economy, including hospitality and retail, and many others. I come back to the fact that there are challenges across the globe. The UK unemployment rate is firmly below the EU 27 average. The UK has the third-highest employment rate among the G7—higher than Canada, the USA, France and Italy. I fully accept that these have been challenging times but there has been a reduction in demand across the globe, for a range of reasons. I am confident that things are looking good. We are seeing, for example, that vacancies have stabilised. We are seeing interest rates coming down and businesses getting more certainty, not least from the fact that we now have an Employment Rights Act.