To ask His Majesty’s Government what consideration they have given to introducing a ban on social media for all children under the age of 16 similar to the one to be introduced in Australia on 10 December.
We understand parents’ concerns about the impact of social media on children. We have taken some of the boldest steps globally to ensure that online content is genuinely age appropriate. It is important that we protect children while also letting them benefit safely from the digital world. We are closely monitoring Australia’s approach to age restrictions. When it comes to children’s safety, nothing is off the table, but any action must be based on robust evidence.
My Lords, our children and young people are living through an experiment imposed on them by platforms that are profiting off their stress, their lack of sleep and their diminished self-worth. I welcome the Australian Government taking action to address the urgency and gravity of this issue. I listened closely to my noble friend the Minister. The impact on teenagers in this country is getting worse, not improving. Will the UK follow Australia, Norway, Denmark, Malaysia and the EU, and impose a ban on under-16s?
We are taking serious action here in the UK through the Online Safety Act. We are also looking very carefully at the evidence that is available about the impacts of social media, screen time and media use on children’s development. At the moment, we do not see a causal relationship between screen time, social media use and children’s development, but we are committed to improving this evidence base. We are looking very closely at what other countries are doing, particularly Australia, with which we have an MoU.
My Lords, the Minister thinks that 16 year-olds should not have certain access. The noble Baroness, Lady Berger, if I understand her, thinks that they should be banned from social media. Can I take it as read that both noble Baronesses will oppose 16 year-olds having the vote?
I do not follow that logic at all. People have different views on online content, and trying to balance the potential benefit that children can have from accessing the digital world with trying to protect them from the harms that they can also see is exactly what joins together many around this House and is exactly what we are trying to navigate through the Online Safety Act.
My Lords, the social media ban on under-16s in Australia is well-intentioned but is not the right solution to protect children from harms. Does the Minister agree with the Molly Rose Foundation that the ban risks creating a cliff edge for young people who at 16 will suddenly be exposed to a poorly regulated online space? Does she agree that there should be strengthened regulation on social media platforms so they are safe for children rather than excluding them altogether?
The noble Viscount makes a really good point—one I was trying to make not as eloquently earlier—that there are good reasons for children to be online. Children of all ages can benefit from being online, but appropriate protections need to be in place, protections which do not lead to unintended consequences. I think our approach, which we are putting in step by step and backing Ofcom to enforce, is the right one at this stage. We are looking very carefully at the evidence as it emerges and looking very carefully at other countries’ experience and not taking things off the table if the evidence leads us in that direction.
My Lords, what steps are the Government taking to ensure that parental controls and education initiatives are keeping pace with the ever-evolving risks that social media poses to our young people right now?
The role of parents and of media literacy is, of course, critical. Indeed, as technology evolves, as access changes, the department will be supporting parents and carers with media literacy. From next year, there will be some pilot projects to support families navigate the online space, particularly in critical thinking and in trying to understand misinformation, disinformation and so on. We are also working very closely with the Department for Education to establish some parental support and some parental hubs in order to support parents having some of those quite difficult conversations.
My Lords, the Minister talked about support for parents. Last week, the Centre for Social Justice released a new analysis showing that almost 1 million preschool children are active on social media, something that even the platforms, I would say, do not think is appropriate. That number is rising rapidly. What work are the Government doing with platforms, Ofcom and parents and carers specifically to support those who care for preschool children—nought to five-year-olds—to navigate this online world?
As I mentioned before, we think it is incredibly important to support parents to navigate the online world and support their children’s access. I mentioned the pilot awareness campaign, which is more targeted at eight to 14 year-olds, but I believe the resources that will be available with the Department for Education are more extended. We also support Ofcom’s updated media literacy duties under the Online Safety Act. As part of that, Ofcom is delivering a three-year media literacy strategy that prioritises support for children and families.
My Lords, in the Lord Speaker’s lecture given by Dr Vivek Murthy, the former US Surgeon-General, he quoted the evidence of the mental health effect on children, particularly children using social media for over three hours per day. He said that it causes a higher degree of depression and anxiety. That is part of the evidence for why there should be better control for children using any kind of social media.
The noble Lord cites some important evidence which, along with other evidence about the links between social media use and different cohorts of young people, young adults and so on, is very important. The Government and Ofcom are looking at that carefully. As I said before, we continue to keep open all the issues here to protect children from unsafe content, while allowing them to participate actively in the digital world, which can provide many opportunities to young people and much education.
My Lords, screen addiction is a growing problem for all ages, but far more so for children. In July, Peter Kyle, the former Secretary of State for DSIT, committed to bringing forward proposals in the autumn to restrict children’s screen time. Since the reshuffles, we have heard no more about those proposals. Can the Minister clarify this point today? Will the Government be bringing forward a package along the lines set out by the former Secretary of State?
We are focusing on implementation of the Online Safety Act: protecting children from harmful content, backing Ofcom as it goes through the children’s risk assessments of the platform operators, and ensuring that the duties that came in in July are effective. That is the priority for the time being. As I said, we are looking at the evidence and assessing what other measures may be needed. If we need to do so in due course, we will do so.
My Lords, I absolutely agree with the Minister’s point of view that everything needs to be evidence-based. But can I suggest to the Minister that, when she looks at social media harms to children, she also looks at AI chatbots, which can make harmful suggestions to children online? I believe the Government should take that very seriously, so I ask her to look at this harmful element, which is harming our young people.